COVID-19 is a disease first reported in 2019 that claimed the lives of more than 6.5 million people worldwide, paralyzed transport links and locked the borders of many states for a long time. In 2023, 3 years have passed since, yet not all countries have fully recovered and lifted the restrictions, which, of course, highlights that COVID-19 has had a huge impact on all aspects of modern life. The pandemic has given a strong impetus to the development of science and the study of COVID-19 and infectious diseases in general around the world, many articles on COVID-19 have been published in the past 3 years. Particularly interesting was the fact that while some people were asymptomatic, had mild COVID-19, other patients required mechanical ventilation and even medically induced coma. In this regard, the study of the genetic factors contributing to the severe course of the disease, comorbidities and the individual response to drugs has become especially relevant. In our work, we consider the main genes and entire loci of chromosomes involved in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Genes such as IFNAR2, TMPRSS2, ACE2, TYK2, DPP9, HLA, OAS3, ABO, 3p21.31 locus and 12q24.13 locus have been considered; in addition, the association of severe COVID-19 with diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and obesity was discussed.
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 11 GENETIC BASIS FOR SEVERE COVID-19_0.pdf | 396.9 KB |
Bacillus cereus is an opportunistic Gram-positive anaerobic spore-forming bacterium found in various environmental conditions. One of the pathogenicity factors is hemolytic toxin II, which belongs to the group of β-barrel pore-forming toxins. HlyII B. cereus differs from other β- barrel pore-forming toxins by having a C-terminal extension of 94 amino acid residues. In this work, the binding sites of monoclonal antibodies obtained against recombinant HlyIICTD on the protein surface were determined. Using monoclonal antibodies, it was shown that HlyIICTD interacts with the erythrocyte membrane in a strictly defined manner. The localization of epitopes recognized by monoclonal antibodies suggested that the binding site of HlyIICTD with the membrane is localized in the C-terminal region of HlyIICTD molecule.
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| 10 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES TO THE C-TERMINAL.pdf | 696.61 KB |
Biomedical research often requires the use of precise equipment for micromanipulation, particularly in cellular biology. However, relatively inexpensive devices for cellular manipulation with electrophysiological methods or local chemical application with micrometer accuracy are rarely available in the equipment market. In this study, we present a method to develop a micromanipulator device based on stepper motors that is controlled by a microcontroller via a gamepad. This micro-motion system can be easily produced in any laboratory for various scientific experiments that require the movement of the electrode or pipette with a precision of several micrometers.
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| 9 LOW-COST MICROMANIPULATOR DEVICE FABRICATION.pdf | 6.35 MB |
Objectives: to analyze early postoperative arrhythmias in patients after surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation, correction of valvular pathology and sympathetic denervation of the pulmonary arteries in order to correct high pulmonary hypertension. Materials and methods: the study included patients with diagnosed mitral valve disease complicated by atrial fibrillation and high-grade pulmonary hypertension (40 mm Hg or more). All studied patients underwent mitral valve replacement, Maze IV biatrial surgery. In contrast to the patients in the study group, pulmonary artery denervation was not performed in the control group. On the first day after transfer to the ward from the intensive care unit, patients were fitted with a wearable cardiorecorder, which provides continuous ECG recording of one lead with automatically machine analysis with the formation of a pre-medical conclusion. Results: In all studies, a mechanism was implemented for remote ECG transmission of data in the "real time" mode for evaluation by a cardiologist. The study group demonstrated the best recovery and preservation of sinus rhythm in the early postoperative period. 92% of the patient had sinus rhythm, while in the control group this indicator was - 81% (p = 0.05). Radiofrequency denervation of the pulmonary arteries is a safe and effective method for correcting high pulmonary hypertension and helps to maintain sinus rhythm after the concomitant Maze IV procedure (p = 0.05). The use of automatic cardiac screening has demonstrated the feasibility of detecting early arrhythmias in automatic mode with the possibility of timely personalized correction of antiarrhythmic therapy and treatment tactics in general.
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| 8 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS BY AUTOMATIC.pdf | 521.28 KB |
Various studies have led to our present knowledge of α1-adrenoreceptors and their role in the regulation of cardiovascular physiology. Our study aimed to study the effect of the α1-adrenergic receptor agonist methoxamine on the frequency of spontaneous activity and electrical activity parameters of the atrial myocardium with a preserved sinus node and an imposed rhythm in newborn rats. In working cardiomyocytes of newborn rats with a preserved sinus node, methoxamine caused an increase in the frequency of spontaneous activity. α1-adrenergic receptor agonist methoxamine increased the duration of the repolarization phase of the action potential in both the imposed and the own rhythm.
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| 7 METHOXAMINE PLAYS A ROLE IN THE REGULATION OF THE.pdf | 646.03 KB |
A comparative analysis of the effects of serotonin (200 μg/kg), dopamine (60 μg/kg), promethazine (2 mg/kg) and sulpiride (1 mg/kg) administered once intraperitoneally on heart rate variability in male non-linear rats was carried out. Serotonin and dopamine do not change heart rate, but increase the centralization index by 122% (p < 0.05), serotonin due to an increase in the power of LF waves by 136% (p < 0.05), dopamine due to a downward trend power of HF waves by 51% (p < 0.1) compared to the control. Promethazine reduces the power of LF and VLF waves by 64-66% (p < 0.05) and the index of centralization (p < 0.01), while the proportion of HF waves in the spectrum increases to 75%, which is higher than the control (p < 0.01). Sulpiride increases heart rate frequency by 25% (p < 0.01) and the index of centralization (p < 0.001), reduces the power of HF-waves by 70 % (p < 0.001) from the initial state, increases the power of LF-of waves by 336% and VLF-waves by 197% (p < 0.001), so the total proportion of LF and VLF waves increases to 85%, which is higher than the control (p < 0.05). The results suggest that peripheral serotoninergic and dopaminergic mechanisms have opposite effects on heart rate variability.
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| 6 EFFECT OF LIGANDS OF SEROTONIN.pdf | 440.03 KB |
This research evaluates particularities of surface structural organization of surgical samples of intracapsular distracted formations in treating post-traumatic fibrous ankylosis of proximal interphalangeal joints by means of scanning electron microscopy. The research is carried out on small-fragment samples of intracapsular formations collected in the course of treatment from 8 patients of the Microsurgical Department. Morphological evaluation of the surface of two types of samples was performed: that of proximal interphalangeal joint capsules, and of the regenerate itself. Structural analysis of the surgical samples allowed to identify considerable differences both in form and size of single structure-forming elements, and in their organizational types. It was established that the regenerate has a more compact structure. In the course of microanalysis of elemental composition, it was ascertained that mass percentage of calcium and phosphorus in the examined regenerate samples is 4.4 and 2.2 times respectively higher compared to the capsule samples. These results could be used in further research into approaches to the evaluation of connective tissue regeneration after surgeries, as well as in making recommendations for operative or physiotherapeutic patient treatment in cases of joint capsule distraction.
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| 5 POSSIBLE APPLICATIONS OF SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.pdf | 1.33 MB |
Bronchial asthma (BA) can be accompanied by cognitive impairment (CI). However, the relationship between cognitive dysfunction and asthma has not been fully elucidated. Cognitive disorders in patients with asthma largely depend on age, asthma control impairment, the severity of symptoms of the disease, and the duration of its course. The severity of cognitive dysfunction begins to appear already in childhood and increases significantly in adult and elderly patients with asthma. Cognitive impairments can affect adherence to therapy in patients with asthma and negatively affect the achievement of BA control. There is evidence that chronic and acute hypoxia with insufficient control of BA can contribute to the development of cognitive dysfunction. Comorbid conditions also contribute to the enhancement of cognitive dysfunction in patients with asthma. It is known, for example, that asthma is associated with increased levels of depression and anxiety, which may contribute to the development of cognitive dysfunction. Increased body weight may also be a risk factor for cognitive impairment in BA patients. Timely detection of CI and appropriate correction will positively affect the results of therapy. This review examines the features of cognitive dysfunction in patients with BA of different ages, the relationship of CI to the control and duration of the disease, and the impact on the cognitive status of comorbid conditions. This evidence will allow us to streamline our knowledge about the state of cognitive function in patients with asthma for their timely diagnosis, correction, and, ultimately, improvement of BA control.
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| 4 ASPECTS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COGNITIVE.pdf | 368.88 KB |
The aim of the study was the IR spectroscopic and chromatographic analysis of products formed during the ozonation of fish oil. Fish oil samples were ozonized using an ozone therapy apparatus with an ozone destructor "Medozons - O3" (Nizhny Novgorod, Russia). The study of the chemical composition of fish oil ozonolysis products was performed on a Shimadzu IR Prestige 21 (Japan) infrared Fourier spectrophotometer in the region of wave numbers 4000 - 400 cm–1 in the form of liquid films in KBr, NaCl, or ZnSe windows. Chromatographic study of the composition of fatty acids was carried out on an Agilent 7890B gas chromatograph with a mass-selective detector 5977A. Qualitative and quantitative determination of propionic acid was carried out on the gas chromatographic complex "Chromosome GC – 1000". Chromatographic data processing was performed on the hardware and software complex "Chromatek-Analyst". The dynamics of IR spectra and quantitative composition of fatty acids (chromatographically) of the studied samples before and after ozonation were evaluated. The concentration of reactive oxygen species was controlled by iodometric titration according to the interstate standard GOST ISO 3900 – 2013. The acid number and saponification number of reaction products were determined by chemical methods. It was found that during the processing of fish oil, the reaction with ozone mainly proceeds locally along the ω–3 double bonds, leading to the formation of hydroperoxyesters and hydroperxy acids, as well as propionic acid. It is shown that the number of fragments of ω-6, ω-7 and ω-9 fatty acids practically does not change.
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| 3 ANALYSIS OF THE OZONATION PRODUCTS OF FISH.pdf | 1.08 MB |
The article discusses the organism`s adaptive capabilities of different age groups in the population with the use of cardiointervalography and hemodynamic parameters. There was a decrease in the total power of the heart rate variability spectrum and the power of all spectral parameters with an increasing age. In age groups 1 and 2, LF, % and VLF, % were more pronounced, there was a significant predominance of VLF, % in group 2, which reflected an increase in the level of the sympathetic link regulation activity. A more significant increase in the power of very low frequency oscillations indicates an increase in the influence of the central circuit of regulation along with an increase in the cerebral ergotropic influences. Assessment of oxidative metabolism by fluorescence spectroscopy showed an increase in the indicator in group 2, with a tendency to decrease in group 3 as compared to the values of group 1. The performed analysis of the frequency-amplitude spectrum revealed changes in the reactivity of the structures of the microvasculature depending on age. An increase in the volume of blood entering the microcirculation system was recorded, but the regulatory effect on microcirculation was different: group 2 was dominated by central mechanisms of regulation, in group 3 there was a predominance of local regulatory mechanisms. Thus, with age, there is a decrease in the adaptive reserves of the body with a tension in the regulatory vegetative homeostasis and a transition from nervous mechanisms of regulation to a lower level of humoral mechanism.
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| 2 ANALYSIS OF THE ORGANISM ADAPTIVE RESERVES OF DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS.pdf | 650.88 KB |
